Tại sao Object Storage lại rẻ?

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Nếu bạn đang nghĩ Object Storage rẻ hơn so với SAN và NAS thì đến lúc bạn nghĩ lại. Mệnh đề này không phải lúc nào cũng đúng. Bài viết này sẽ giúp bạn khám phá ra khi nào Object Storage rẻ và tại sao Object Storage lại rẻ hơn khi so sánh với các công nghệ lưu trữ SAN & NAS.

Object Storage là gì? Loại storage này khác gì với SAN & NAS thì CSC đã có bài viết ở đây. Các bạn có thể đọc tham khảo thêm.

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Tại sao Object Storage lại rẻ? Cấu thành giá của thiết bị lưu trữ nói chung bao gồm 3 phần: Phần cứng, Phần mềm và mua bản quyền sáng chế. Đắt hay rẻ là đi từ đây.

Block Storage (hay SAN) được thiết kế để ưu tiên cho vấn đề HIỆU NĂNG/Performance tức là xử lý càng nhiều request càng tốt (IOPS) và độ trễ càng thấp càng tốt (Latency). Để làm được điều này các nhà sản xuất (HPE, EMC, IBM…) phải đầu tư rất nhiều tiền R&D để tạo nên các phần cứng chuyên dụng và đội ngũ viết phần mềm để đạt được điều này. Mỗi hãng có một bí quyết riêng, chẳng ai chia sẻ cho ai cả.

Các hãng làm Object Storage thì lại khác. Object Storage được thiết kế ưu tiên cho việc phát triển DUNG LƯỢNG/Capacity nên phần cứng không cần “xịn” lắm. Họ dựa vào các server x86 thông thường của các hãng như HPE ProLiant, Dell Poweredge hay Supermicro và ổ cứng của Seagate, Intel, Samsung. Họ không tốn chi phí R&D và sản xuất phần cứng. Họ chỉ cần đầu tư đội ngũ làm phần mềm. Ngay cả phần mềm các hãng làm Object Storage hầu hết dựa vào S3 API của Amazon mà API này Amazon chia sẽ cho cộng đồng nên họ cũng không phải sáng tạo gì thêm. Vì vậy chi phí sản xuất thấp hơn Block khá nhiều, khoảng 15%, 20%.

Nhưng có phải lúc nào Object Storage cũng rẻ hơn? Điều này không hoàn toàn đúng. Object Storage rẻ hơn Block (SAN) hay File (NAS) khi và chỉ khi Dung Lượng lưu trữ nhiều. Tầm 50TB trở lên. Và đặc biết với yêu cầu từ 1000TB (1PB) trở lên thì lưu trữ dạng Object Storage là tối ưu về giá nhất.

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